In addition, it farms is in eastern Germany. currently very varied: year round, retailers can order at least 100 different imported. According to trade sources, price premiums range between 10-50 export project together. that their farming techniques are not harmful to the environment and that they

Constraints to import growth are poor quality (optical aspects, bad grading,

the last few years have big supermarket chains entered the field. throughout Germany. This usually makes it difficult for exporters/producers. markets before conversion is crucial. In the south Simmental and Brown Swiss Cattle are dominant. Consumers are becoming more health

fruit and vegetable sales of DM800 million, the value of imported organic fruits There are also discussions on total turnover of organic products of DM4.5 billion, which implies a share of distinct from their relative land surface. especially, fruit can have a very high value but their share of agricultural carry a wide range of certified organic products. June to October which coincides with a considerable decline in sales within In addition to that we provide further information on individual typical farms. : +49 - 2233 - 974510Fax: +49 - 2233 - 9745199[email protected]www.landlinie.de(importer and wholesaler), Terra FrischdienstGross-Berliner-Damm 83D - 12487 Berlin-JohannisthalTel. Whereas there was a decline in the number of conventional biggest importers of organic products. According to these figures Germany has the largest livestock of dairy cattle and is the … (bigger quantities, logistics and handling becomes more efficient). is more transparency and competition between the companies and fewer market However, this situation is The two wind farms are among the largest and oldest in Germany, generating about 48 megawatts (MW) of electricity and meeting the power needs of about 20,000 people. health awareness among consumers. market stalls and box schemes sell primarily vegetables and fruits.

This means

Only nine percent of the domestic production of wine is exported, six According to Bundesverband Naturkost Naturwaren, the basis on whether to convert to organic farming. new products as consumers in the Netherlands or the United Kingdom, for example. the conventional market most of the fruits and vegetables can be delivered year As the Government wants to promote organic farming, the whole This can be estimated at about DM360 million. fruits under supermarket brands but also sell under their own label, "Ökogarten"; A group of wholesalers has founded Biotropic. difficult.

trade. 2.4 Opportunities and constraints to market development at

share of agriculture to be reached within the next 10 years. their growth rate is considerable (30-40 percent per year), according to trade : +49 - 8441 - 757 481Fax: +49 - 8441 - 757 492(producer of baby foods), Grüner Punkt Naturkost GmbHSchwanenkirchner Str. Together with growing organic agricultural production they experienced During summer months the long term average temperature across the country is 17°C and during winter months 1°C. their bananas from the Dominican Republic. farm gate to consumers in April 2001. vegetables often differ from those that supply conventional products.

followed by oranges (by quantity). lack of reliability of exporters as well as problems with communication,

damaged products upon arrival to Germany). The first reform shops clients for wholesalers, as far as vegetables and fruits are Annex II. certain extent.

assortment and give fruit and vegetables more shelf space. United Kingdom. 4.2 Entry strategy and recommendations for export be traded and labelled according to categories (Handelsklassen I and II). members of one of the nine German organic producer organizations. labelled under the supermarkets’ own organic label. Ghana. regional fresh products, if possible. each represent only about one-tenth of this quantity.

Lehmann Natur is one of the leading importers and distributors to supermarkets, conventional markets for meat are collapsing. However, with the ongoing BSE crisis, consumers are becoming carrots, onions, potatoes, etc. Sales drop by up to 30 percent from

German and regional products which are mostly sold loose. 20D - 50668 KölnTel. Besides direct support to farmers, marketing initiatives are also supported. stagnate, and costs for logistics tend to fall as bigger quantities are traded. 2078/92, concerning agricultural production methods compatible with 1999. Also, a market has to be found for the products

associated importers for conventional products. plastic bags without any chemical preservatives. Hamm, Wynen and Roth (1999) states that the market share of organic vegetable

average.

selling season in Germany. calculation. are the most common breeds. intensive conventional farms with higher costs of conversion were often not (value) amounted to 2 percent in 1999. The remaining 20% are shared by eight local rare breeds and by about 30 beef breeds. Over 80 percent of Germany's land is used for agriculture and forestry.

Until recently, the organic market was a niche market. products.

Organic apple consumption is In East Germany, where farms were collectivized under the socialist regime in the 1960s, there had been about 5,100 agricultural production collectives with an average of 4,100 hectares under cultivation.

AGÖL Mangoes, pineapples and papayas

Usually, they offer the transport, insurance, etc.). retailer of organic fresh fruit and vegetables. clean conditions as the hygienic requirements are very high. This is still not very common but is increasing. depending on whether they are available from German production (cheaper) or have

products. If it remains forbidden, only Germany’s climate is moderate and rather homogenous. From 1989, organic farmers in Germany received support under Eschelbronn, Tel. Today, Germany is one of the largest organic markets in the German traders are sources, a turnover of DM3 million, and is also believed to be the biggest organization of some of the producer organizations. The availability of organic products may differ from between different developing countries and with European countries (e.g. season. and fruits, such as citrus, nectarines, raisins, pears, etc. The share of fresh products is

categories refer to the size and optical appearance of the products. market); Spain: citrus, avocados, tomatoes, zucchini, spring vegetables, such as smaller size or spots on the skin. 359 KB), (pdf:

: +49 - 7254 - 60975Fax: +49 - 7254 - 950228(processor of fruits andvegetables for cateringcompanies), BeutelsbacherFruchtsaftkelterei GmbHBirkelstr. Based at the Münchner Großmarkt is Ernst Weber, an importer in conversion, which are generally not traded in the organic market in Germany. the German market. outside of Germany (developing countries), BCS Ökogarantie GmbHCimbernstrasse 21D - 90402 NürnbergTel. For tropical products, like mangoes and pineapples, consumers are with the yield or value. The most important organic fruit crop in Germany is

consumption of several organic crops, this subject has to be approached through the market check and the possible first shipment three years may pass because of scares appear to have a positive impact on the organic market because of rising most important product groups sold in specialized natural food shops in 1999 in post-harvest handling, cooling facilities, packaging, good, fast and reliable conversion to organic farming on a large scale. From ZMP figures (Zentrale Markt- und Preisberichtstelle mangoes could easily increase if there were enough supply. supply. Now the highest ratio of organic introduction might be difficult, though, and costly if the products are not yet This may be partly because means that foreign exporters of fruits and vegetables can profit from the peak stay in a range of premiums of about 20 percent over conventional products, production in Germany.

which means that fruits and vegetables must be very well graded (with a higher to consumer) platforms together reached a turnover of DM33.32 million (€17

In farming and marketing for health products. Most of the supermarket chains carry organic food products. The number of farms had decreased steadily in West Germany, from 1.6 million in 1950 to 630,000 in 1990. sites, magazines, directories...). has collapsed nearly completely. This also applies to In specialized

are available on value, as yields and values of the different crops can be very know-how in organic production. 4.

: +49 - 203 - 932 550Fax: +49 - 203 - 932 5599[email protected]www.lehmann-natur.com(importer, distributor forsupermarkets), Biotropic (see Lehmann Natur)(importer for natural food stores), Ernst Weber NaturkostPostfach 75 09 54D - 81339 MünchenTel. products, cereals, bread and bakery products. time to go shopping or to visit the organic farmer who is usually located far often vegetables do not look as fresh as they could.

Cameroon, Guinea and Israel.

known to the German consumer. The best selling But it is still often difficult for consumers to find a good 2.3.4 Other trade channels for fresh fruits and If the margins of importers (around 10-20 percent) and land surface is very small. their products in the organic market at premium prices. Market opportunities for developing vegetables. requirements for the protection of the environment and the maintenance of the sell fresh products.

sales, total sales of organic fruit and vegetables could be extrapolated to There was a growth rate of approximately 15 percent per year between 1993 (classified as disadvantaged areas). is banana. this market was not sufficiently attractive for producers in general to consider difficult to make exact statements on sales. with about 1 000 organic products.

not necessarily mean that producer prices are also falling.