http://nursingworld.org/MainMenuCategories/ThePracticeofProfessionalNursing/CEHR/CodeofEthics.aspx, American Nurses Association (1985).
These groups have included the American Nurses Association (ANA), the American Medical Association (AMA), the National Coalition for Health Professional Education in Genetics (NCHPEG), the ANA House of Delegates, the International Society of Nurses in Genetics (ISONG), and the National Institutes of Health (NIH) primarily through the National Human Genome Research Institute (NHGRI). New techniques are improving options around screening, diagnosis, treatment, pharmacogenomics, and general lifestyle advice; and have the potential to affect the work of every practicing nurse in the U.S. She received her M.S. Genetics can create ethical issues in nursing for a variety of different situations. These websites offer helpful resources for nurses interested in learning more about genetics and genomics.
To help patients and families make informed decisions and to decrease their anxiety, provide information about the reasons for testing, types of tests, and benefits and risks. Genetics and Genomics in Nursing and Health Care 1st Edition by Theresa A. Beery Phd RN ACNP (Author), M. Linda Workman PhD RN FAAN (Author) 4.5 out of 5 stars 115 ratings recognize how their personal attitudes about genetics might impact their practice, advocate for clients for genetic services and autonomous genetic decision-making, incorporate genetic and genomic information into their practices and regularly evaluate their competency. We also share information about your use of our site with our social media, advertising and analytics partners who may combine it with other information that you’ve provided to them or that they’ve collected from your use of their services. genetics and genomics in nursing and healthcare Media Publishing eBook, ePub, Kindle PDF View ID 447086085 Feb 27, 2020 By Dr. Seuss individual as part of their clinical care eg for diagnostic or therapeutic decision making and the health Retrieved 12/22/07 from http://www.genome.gov/Pages/Health/HealthCareProvidersInfo/PSADoYouKnowVanessaDiabetes.pdf, Ethical, legal, and social issues.
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Essential competencies related to genetics have been developed for nurses with undergraduate and graduate degrees. E-mail: Martha.Turner@ana.org, Dr. Turner is the Assistant Director of the ANA Center for Ethics and Human Rights. [6] The competencies are significant because they establish a foundation and set of guidelines for the nursing workforce on administering the minimal amount of genetic and genomic based healthcare. Advances in genetics and genomics are being translated into practice every day. If you had said no to this question but could have explained the progress currently being made in understanding diabetes, Vanessa would have had access to the best care possible today. • Huntington’s disease American Indians and Alaska Natives on average are 2.2 times more likely to experience diabetes than Caucasians. The purpose of the project was threefold.
The main functions of these programs were to enhance genetics education and to dispense materials and resources for educators of all genetic professions. The mission of NCHPEG is to promote health professional education and access to information about advances in human genetics in order to improve the healthcare of the nation. A few examples from The Code of Ethics for Nurses illustrate the application of the ethical concepts to current genetic and genomic issues and challenges. The International Evolution of Genetics and Genomics 3 Nursing Practice The United States 3 Canada 5 Japan 6 The United Kingdom 7 Other Countries 8 Description of Genetics and Genomics Nursing 8 Essential Attributes of Genetics/Genomics Nursing 10 Practice Settings 11 Levels of Genetics/Genomics Nursing Practice 12 Basic Level 13 Advanced Level 13
Essential nursing competencies include basic knowledge of genetic and genomic principles, genetic resources, current research, and professional guidelines and recommendations. ...current research is focused on looking at the entire genome to identify contributors to common diseases.
Gene Discoveries for Common Complex Diseases.
variations in their DNA (polymorphisms) that don’t affect health. For example, all patients and individuals have the right to receive equal health care regardless of gender, religious beliefs, status, or race. • autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease Also state boards of nursing do not require competency in genomics and genetics as part of licensure and genetics and genomics are not considered in the evaluations of accrediting bodies. Indications are that nurses have only begun to recognize the value of incorporating genetic and genomic information into education, practice, research, and policy. This was done because a registered nurse is a general level of practice for nursing and requires that one has graduated from a college or university nursing program and has passed the NCLEX.
As nurses become more aware of genetics and the need to incorporate genetic assessment into everyday practice, we’re initiating and facilitating referrals to improve patient care and outcomes. Positive test results: His provider recognized that Tony was at increased risk for hereditary, non-polyposis, colorectal cancer syndrome (HNPCC), or Lynch syndrome. Building on the knowledge gained through identification of the genome sequence, current research is moving at an even faster pace. Martha Turner, PhD, RN
Recognizing those at increased risk because of family history or ethnicity may help prevent devastating complications. (See Genetic markers for drug response and function.)
Pharmacogenetic testing analyzes genetic variants to predict an individual’s response to a specific medication or class of medications. However, the code of ethics does not address genetics or genomics specifically, so ethical foundations were also established to help guide genetics into health care. Would you have known where to refer Tony for genetic counseling and testing if indicated?
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(See Uses of genetic testing.). In contrast to a one-size-fits-all approach, precision medicine challenges nurses to think genetically across specialties and practice settings. No part of this website or publication may be reproduced, stored, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopy, recording, or any information storage and retrieval system, without permission in writing from the copyright holder. She is also a member of the Sigma Theta Tau Nursing Honorary for research and scholarship. Access these online resources to learn more about genetics, genomics, and family histories.
The prospect of applying this technique in humans is troubling for scientific, safety, and ethical reasons. In addition to genetic and genomic referrals, the personal or family history may require risk-management referrals to appropriate specialists. This public trust places nurses in the unique position to educate individuals and their families on the presence, absence, or future possibility of disease to improve health outcomes and promote delivery of patient-centered care.
Elizabeth Hassen is a PhD candidate in the healthcare genetics doctoral program and an instructor at Clemson School of Nursing in Clemson, South Carolina. 2017;19(1):7-17.
• cancer All test banks come in a PDF format that you can open and read with any PDF reader. • virtually rule out a particular disorder, assuming the test is highly accurate (See Interpreting genetic test results.).
Ultimately, once the association of these variants with diabetes are confirmed, genetic tests may be utilized to identify (even before escalating blood sugars) those individuals, like Vanessa, who may be able to delay or prevent diabetes with healthy lifestyle decisions and behaviors. Laurie Badzek, RN, MS, JD Martha Turner, PhD, RN Jean F. Jenkins, PhD, RN.
(n.d.).